The invention belongs to the field of Chinese medicine and particularly provides a composition for treating juvenile herpangina. The composition is prepared from, by weight, 40-50 parts of callicarpanudiflora general flavone, 10-20 parts of callicarpa nudiflora general phenolic acid, 20-30 parts of callicarpa nudiflora general phenylethanoid glycosides and 2-6 parts of callicarpa nudiflora polysaccharide. The invention also discloses application of the composition. The four components are all extracted from callicarpa nudiflora, are definite and cooperate with one another to take an effect, and the composition has a great effect of treating and/or preventing juvenile herpangina.