The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a shape memory composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps that after a carbon nanotube is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion, dopamine and a buffer solution are added; a polydopamine coated carbon nanotube with the specific coating layer thickness is obtained; thepolydopamine coated carbon nanotube is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion and is then mixed with polycaprolactone to obtain a carbon nanotube polycaprolactone composite material; the carbon nanotube polycaprolactone composite material is subjected to hot press formation and is then subjected to radiation crosslinking; the shape memory composite material with electric conduction performance is obtained. The shape memory composite material obtained by the embodiment has the advantages that the preparation method is simple and controllable; the self repairing effect of the electric conduction performance can be realized on the basis of system cleaning and biological friendly effect; good application advantages are shown in the function integration aspect of the shape memory material.