The invention discloses a dynamic and automatic engagement and disengagement system arranged between a transmission shaft and a driven device. The driven device is connected with the dynamic and automatic engagement and disengagement system through a drive connector. The dynamic and automatic engagement and disengagement system comprises a connection plate, a fixing base, a transmission and guidebody, and a cavity, wherein the connection plate comprises an end portion and a side portion; a flange is formed at the tail end of the side portion; a plurality of outer friction pieces are connectedto the inner wall of the side portion in a sliding mode; the drive connector extends into the side portion; a plurality of inner friction pieces are arranged on the outer side of the drive connector;the connection plate is sleeved with the fixing base; a first bearing is arranged between the connection plate and the fixing base; the transmission and guide body comprises a base portion and a middle protrusion portion extending from the base portion to the outer friction pieces; a guide body and an elastic body are arranged between the base portion and the flange; the cavity is arranged between the fixing base and the driven device in a covering mode; a valve is arranged outside the cavity; and a piston is arranged inside the cavity. The invention further discloses a control method of thedynamic and automatic engagement and disengagement system. The dynamic and automatic engagement and disengagement system and the control method thereof facilitate reliable engagement and disengagement.