The invention provides a partial laser surface treatment technology for austenitic stainless steel. The partial laser surface treatment technology comprises the following steps that 1, a cold-rolled sheet of the austenitic stainless steel is cut into a sample piece, the sample piece is subjected to pickling, and an initial sample piece is obtained; 2, the initial sample piece is heated to 1100 DEGC, subjected to heat preservation for 30 min and then subjected to water cooling to the normal temperature, and a heat treatment sample piece is obtained; 3, the heat treatment sample piece is groundand then subjected to ultrasonic cleaning, and a to-be-polished sample piece is obtained; 4, the to-be-polished sample piece is subjected to electrolytic polishing, and a to-be-treated sample piece is obtained; 5, the to-be-treated sample piece is subjected to laser circulation irradiation through multiple sets of laser beams, wherein according to laser circulation irradiation parameters, the diameter of each laser beam is 6 mm, laser irradiation lasts for 2 s, cooling lasts for 3 s after irradiation is stopped, and the number of times of circulation is larger than or equal to 100; and 6, thesample piece is ground and subjected to electrolytic polishing again. Plastic deformation is conducted on the surface of the sample piece, a large amount of dislocation twin crystal is generated in crystal grains, an obvious slip band exists, the crystal grains are obviously refined, the strength and hardness of the sample piece are improved, and the abrasion resistance is enhanced.