The invention discloses a pipe burst identifying and positioning method for a water supply system water delivery pipe. The burst situation of the water supply system water delivery pipe is identifiedin time through real-time acquisition of pressure and flow data in the pipe and real-time monitoring of a water company dispatching mechanism, and positioning work of a pipe burst place is performed.By utilizing a pipe burst positioning method established according to the hydraulic characteristics of the water supply system water delivery pipe, the pressure and flow data transmitted back by an online monitoring system of a water supply system are acquired in real time, whether a pipe burst accident occurs in the water delivery pipe or not is identified through real-time analysis, quick positioning and calculation are performed, the capability of quickly responding to pipe burst is improved, a water supply company is guided to regulate water supply, field staff is dispatched for repair, and the safety of a water-transportation project is guaranteed.