An object of the disclosure is to provide heat insulation materials that combine high heat insulation properties realizing effective heat insulation, and flame retardancy realizing prevention of firespreading, and devices using the same. In order to achieve this object, disclosed are heat insulation materials, including: a silica xerogel; a carbon material; unwoven fabric fibers that retains thesilica xerogel, and the carbon material. A three-component composite layer that includes the silica xerogel, the carbon material, and the unwoven fabric fibers; a two-component composite layer that isplaced on one side of the three-component composite layer, that does not include a same type of unwoven fabric fibers as the unwoven fabric fibers of the three-component composite layer, and that includes a same type of silica xerogel as the silica xerogel of the three-component composite layer, and a same type of carbon material as the carbon material of the three-component composite layer; anda monolayer that is placed on an other side of the three-component composite layer, and that includes a same type of silica xerogel as the silica xerogel of the three-component composite layer. Further disclosed are devices, including the above-described heat insulation material, wherein the heat insulation material serves as a part of a heat-insulation or refrigeration structure, or is placed between a heat-producing component and a casing.