The invention provides a device and a method for measuring revolution and rotation orbits and revolution and rotation speeds of the earth, and sun light displacement. The device is composed of a sun light measuring component, an angle measuring component, a circuit protection device, a switch and a timing device which are connected in series. The sun light measuring component is composed of a base(1), a rotating assembly and a sun light photosensitive element (2) connected in series, the rotating assembly is composed of a driving device (3) and a supporting body (4), and the supporting body (4) is movably connected with a rotating shaft (5) of the driving device through a fastener (6); the angle measuring component is an angle sensing element (7), and the sun light photosensitive element(2) and the angle sensing element (7) are located on the supporting body (4). The method is a step of measuring the revolution and rotation orbits and the revolution and rotation speeds of the earth and the sun light angular displacement by using the device. The entire device and method are controlled by intelligent modules controlled by various computer language software programs and the components are separable. This invention is suitable for fields of teaching, research and solar energy applications.