The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and relates to an adsorption device capable of being quickly disassembled and assembled and sampling and measuring an adsorbed gas. The device comprises a main body, one or more adsorbent storage box supporting pieces, one or more adsorbent storage boxes, a gas inlet end cap and a gas outlet end cap, the one or more adsorbent storage box supporting piece(s) is (are) arranged in the main body, every adsorbent storage box supporting piece has a cylindrical outer wall, an annular protrusion is arranged at the inner side of the cylindrical outer wall along a radial direction, the upper surface of the annular protrusion supports the adsorbent storage box above the annular protrusion, and the lower surface of the annular protrusion extrudes the adsorbent storage box below the annular protrusion; the adsorbent storage box(es) is (are) used for storing an adsorbent; the top end of the main body is fixedly connected with the gasinlet end cap, the bottom end of the main body is fixedly connected with the gas outlet end cap, the gas inlet end cap is provided with a gas inlet, and the gas outlet end cap is provided with a gas outlet; and the lower surface of the gas inlet end cap extrudes the uppermost adsorbent storage box, and the upper surface of the gas outlet end cap supports the lowermost adsorbent storage box. Compared with adsorption devices in the prior art, the adsorption device in the invention has the advantages of convenience in disassembling and assembling, and realization of sampling and measuring of theadsorbent gas.