The invention discloses an oudemansiella radicata soil-cover cultivation method based on utilization of a three-dimensional layered shelf of an idle culture shed. According to the method, on the basisof heating equipment, ventilation equipment and cooling equipment of an existing idle culture shed, water mist spraying lines are added, and on the basis of an agaricus bisporus culture rack, LED floodlight strips are added on the three-dimensional shelf in the shed to increase the space utilization rate of the culture shed; by adopting a liquid inoculation method in manufacturing of fungus bags,the cultivation time of the fungus bags is shortened, the work efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced; a low-temperature after-ripening method is adopted in cultivation of the fungus bags, and nutrients accumulated in mycelia are increased; a method for increasing the temperature difference and carrying out fruiting at alternating temperature is adopted for fruiting management, the budding rate of oudemansiella radicata is increased, the uniformity of oudemansiella radicata is improved, and the yield of commercial fungi is augmented. The provided cultivation method significantly increases economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, settles the economic impact caused by environmental protection problems on farmers, achieves conversion between new kineticenergy and old kinetic energy, improves the quality and efficiency and has a high popularization value and a practical significance.