The invention discloses a novel photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line composed of an optical fiber unit, a through ground line outer sheath and a conductor. The through ground line outer sheath and the conductor form a conducting part and realize different functions of a traditional railway through ground line. The optical fiber unit in the photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line increases optical fibers for the traditional railway through ground line. The outer contour in the cross section of the photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line is a round-shaped cascaded structure connected with an Omega-shaped inner groove externally. The outer heath of the photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line covers the optical fiber unit in a half covering manner so as to form the Omage-shaped inner groove. The optical fiber unit is arranged in the Omega-shaped groove. The geometric shape of the cross section of a D-shaped cavity ensures that the optical fiber unit cannot be released from the Omega-shaped inner groove during normal bending, stretching and extrusion of photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line. According to the invention, a cross section structure in which the optical fiber unit is disposed outside the through ground line outer sheath is adopted, so that characteristics that the optical unit is easy to detach from the conducting part ofthe photoelectric hybrid railway through ground line and the connection technique is simple are achieved without damaging the inner structure of the outer sheath.