The invention discloses an ultrahigh-pressure zone reheating waste boiler steam-water system achieving short circuit adjustment of the reheated steam temperature. The ultrahigh-pressure zone reheatingwaste boiler steam-water system achieving short circuit adjustment of the reheated steam temperature comprises a high-temperature reheater, a low-temperature reheater, an inlet header and system short-circuit pipelines. An outlet of a high-pressure cylinder of a turbine communicates with an inlet of the inlet header. An outlet of the inlet header is divided into two branches. One branch communicates with a low-temperature reheater inlet header through at least two main pipelines which are connected in parallel, and each main pipeline is provided with an independently controlled ball valve. The other branch communicates with a high-temperature reheater inlet header through at least two system short-circuit pipelines which are connected in parallel, each system short-circuit pipeline is provided with an independently controlled ball valve. A low-temperature reheater outlet header communicates with the high-temperature reheater inlet header through a pipeline. A high-temperature reheateroutlet header communicates with an inlet of a low-pressure cylinder of the turbine. According to the ultrahigh-pressure zone reheating waste incineration boiler steam-water system achieving short circuit adjustment of the reheated steam temperature, the low-temperature reheater is used for communicating with the high-temperature reheater pipeline short circuit so as to adjust the reheated steam temperature. The ultrahigh-pressure zone reheating waste boiler steam-water system achieving short circuit adjustment of the reheated steam temperature is suitable for meeting the requirements, for adjustment of the reheated steam temperature and turbine operation, of a waste incineration boiler.