The invention discloses a method for improving the control capability of a power grid in an emergency based on electric heat storage loads and belongs to the field of power system operation and control. The electric heat storage loads are utilized to ensure the method for improving the control capability of the power grid in the emergency of the power grid. Electric heat storage load information is acquired, the electric heat storage loads are set as power grid control loads, and the power grid is partitioned according to the concentration condition of the electric heat storage loads. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the losses of normal electricity loads are reduced, the power supply reliability of the power grid is ensured and the control capability of the power grid in the emergency is improved. The electric heat storage loads are used for converting electric energy into heat energy for storage and then carrying out heating, so that heating loads are not affectedwhen electric heat storage devices are randomly removed or input in the emergency.