The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine plaster for treating rheumatic diseases based on seaweed carbon fiber and a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine plaster. The traditional Chinese medicine plaster is prepared from the following components: rhizoma seu radix notopterygii, radix angelicae pubescentis, radix clematidis, radix saposhnikoviae, garden balsam stem,herba schizonepetae, cassia twig, radix achyranthis bidentatae, fructus chaenomelis lagenariae, frankincense and myrrh. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of seaweedcarbon fiber wound dressing; (2) weighing and pretreatment of bulk drug; (3) boiling and concentration of the bulk drug; (4) preparation of plaster. The traditional Chinese medicine plaster for treating rheumatic diseases based on seaweed carbon fiber disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the functions of expelling wind to disperse cold, removing stagnation and stasis, warming the middle and dissolving stasis and the like can be realized; the required raw materials are natural and environmentally friendly, safe and nontoxic, easily and widely available and biodegradable; with assistance of the far infrared irradiation efficacy of the seaweed carbon fiber, the rise of subcutaneous temperature of the body can be promoted, the blood circulation can be accelerated and the rheumatism diseases can be further improved.