The invention discloses an adjustable narrowband wave-absorbing device based on a plasma meta-material. The adjustable narrowband wave-absorbing device comprises a bottom metal reflecting plate, a dielectric substrate and solid-state plasma resonator units, the dielectric substrate and the solid-state plasma resonator units are arranged on the metal reflecting plate, solid-state plasma is implemented by an array composed of PIN units, the PIN units are isolated from one another through isolation layers, and the PIN unit array is controlled and excited through a programmable logic array loadedon two ends of the PIN unit array to obtain the solid-state plasma. Each solid-state plasma resonator unit has two kinds of working states including the excited state and the unexcited state. the wave-absorbing device has a good absorption effect on TE polarized waves, the excitation region of each resonator unit formed by the solid-state plasma is controlled in a programming mode, excitation of different resonator units can be achieved, and therefore the aim of maintaining the high absorption rate of the wave-absorbing device in a high frequency band and dynamically controlling progressive optimization of the absorption rate in a low frequency band is achieved, and the working frequency of the wave-absorbing device can efficiently cover the whole X wave band when the excitation region isselected appropriately.