The invention relates to a filtering and cooling device. The device comprises a shell, a heat dissipation tank, a temperature sensor, a processor and a control circuit, a convoluted cooling pipeline is arranged in the shell, a water inlet port and a water outlet port of the cooling pipeline are arranged on the two sides of the upper end of the shell correspondingly, and the water inlet port and the water outlet port of the cooling pipeline communicate with the two ends of the heat dissipation tank through pipelines correspondingly; a water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the water outlet port of the cooling pipeline and the heat dissipation tank, and the water pump can extract water in the cooling pipeline into the heat dissipation tank; the temperature sensor is fixedly arrangedin a water inlet of the water pump, the temperature sensor is connected with the processor through a line, the processor is connected with the control circuit through a line, and the control circuit is connected with the water pump through a line; and a filter screen is arranged on one side of the heat dissipation tank. Compared with the prior art, water changing is automatically carried out according to the detected temperature, environmental protection and energy conservation are achieved, and cooling effect is good; and the filter screen is used for filtering water flowing into the coolingpipeline from the heat dissipation tank, so that the water flow is guaranteed to be smooth, and heat dissipation efficiency is guaranteed.