The invention relates to a porous sound-absorbing material adopting steel slag and a preparation method of the porous sound-absorbing material, and belongs to the technical field of sound-absorbing materials. According to the method provided by the invention, animal wool keratin is utilized to be combined among a ceramic material, after sintering is performed, three-dimensional pore channels witha high porosity, a high apparent porosity and high communicating property among pores are formed, the sinuosity of pore extension is large, and the internal pore channels are complex, so that after sound waves enter the material in an incidence manner, energy consumption in the communication pores is large, the sound absorbing performance is effectively improved, the volume density is reduced, theapparent porosity is increased, the roughness degree of pore walls is increased, the viscosity of air in the pores is improved, three-dimensional communicating type air pores are increased, the viscous resistance is improved, and therefore the sound absorbing performance of the material is improved.