The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic membranes and in particular relates to a preparation method of a hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane with a flower petal-shaped cross section. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a polymer solution, preparing a ceramic-polymer membrane casting solution, preparing a hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane blank and preparing the hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane, wherein the step of preparing the polymer solution comprises the following step: dissolving an organic polymer, an additive A andan additive B into an organic solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the organic polymer to the additive A to the additive B to the organic solvent is (12.5 to 25) to (0.1 to 5) to (0.5 to 25) to (50 to100). According to the hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane with the flower petal-shaped cross section provided by the invention, the outer surface is not a smooth circular arc any more, but is a uniform up-and-down curved surface, so that the outer surface area of the hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane is enlarged and surface reaction is promoted; meanwhile, the outer surface of the hollow fiber ceramic oxygen permeation membrane also can be used as a bed body for fixing various catalysts.