A regeneration system and regeneration method for a coke oven flue gas purification adsorbent. The regeneration system comprises an analytical tower (1), a screening device (2), a purification device (7), an ammonium sulfate treatment section (4) and a coke oven (5); a regenerated adsorbent discharge port of the analytical tower (1) is connected to the screening device (2), and the analytical tower (1) is internally provided with a heating section and a cooling section; a heat source inlet of the heating section is connected to a heat source generating device (3), and a heat source outlet of the heating section is returned to the heat source generating device (3); a cold source inlet of the cooling section is connected to a cold source; a gas analysis outlet of the analytical tower (1) is connected to the ammonium sulfate treatment section (4) and the coke oven (5). An adsorbent is analyzed in the analytical tower (1); an SO2 concentrated gas formed by purging is desulfurized by means of the ammonium sulfate treatment section (4), and then the remaining gas is introduced into a coke oven combustion chamber as fuel; the analyzed adsorbent is once again involved in the purification of flue gas after being screened, and powder slag under a screen is used for water treatment and coal blending coking, not producing the three wastes and harmful substances that are difficult to treat, thus achieving clean and efficient coke oven flue gas treatment.