The invention provides a cylindrical artificial medium lens-based multi-beam antenna with a high building coverage, the cylindrical artificial medium lens-based multi-beam antenna being constructed by an artificial medium cylindrical lens, as a carrier, highly integrated with a plurality of antenna units. The cylindrical artificial medium lens-based multi-beam antenna comprises a cylindrical lens 1, antenna unit groups 2 and a metal bottom plate 3, the cylindrical lens 1 being made of an artificial medium material; said multi-beam antenna comprises two same antenna unit groups 2, each antenna unit group 2 comprises a plurality of antenna units; the antenna units are individuals and are fixed on the metal bottom plate 3 to form a whole body; and the two antenna unit groups 2 are distributed at the same side of the cylindrical lens 1 and are uniformly arranged into upper and lower lines along the semi-circumference of the cylindrical lens 1. The pitch plane diagram of said antenna has double beams which turn up and incline downwards respectively, such that a complicated electric tuning mechanism can be omitted, the problem that a mobile signal cannot be received on a high floor in the high building is solved, and said antenna is especially suitable for a service area with a higher density of users and a large data traffic load.