The invention provides a marine drilling technology. A system comprises an air distribution shaft (3) driven by a power head (1); the air distribution shaft (3) is sleeved with an air distribution sleeve (4); a plurality of drill pipes (5) are vertically cascaded to form a drill pipe assembly; the drill pipe assembly is in drive connection with the air distribution shaft (3), and the drill pipe located at the bottommost stage of the drill pipe assembly is connected to the top of a transition joint (6); the bottom of the transition joint (6) is connected with a hybrid connection cylinder (9) through a guide section (7) and a connection cylinder (8); the power head (1) is in drive connection with the air distribution shaft (3) through a transition section (2), and an air inlet straight pipe(3.3) of the air distribution shaft (3) penetrates through the transition section (2). The marine drilling technology has the advantages that the structure is reasonable, assembly is convenient, and the slurry returning and deslagging effects are good.