The invention discloses an automatic driving processing method and apparatus based on scene segmentation and a computing device. The method comprises the following steps: a current frame image in thevideo shot and/or recorded via an image collection device is obtained in real time during vehicle driving processes, the current frame image is input into a second neural network to obtain a scene segmentation result corresponding to the current frame image, the second neural network is obtained after output data of at least one intermediate layer of the pre-trained first neural network is subjected to guiding and training operation, and the first neural network is greater than the second neural network in terms of layer quantity. According to a scene segmentation result, a driving route and/or a driving instruction is determined; autonomous driving control is exerted on a vehicle is according to the determined driving route and/or driving instruction. Via use of the automatic driving processing method and apparatus based on scene segmentation and the computing device, the neural network with a small number of layers after training operation is used for achieving fast and accurate calculation so as to obtain the scene segmentation result, the scene segmentation result used for accurately determining the driving route and/or the driving instruction, and improvement of automatic driving safety can be facilitated.