The invention discloses a multi-component cable material synchronous extrusion production technology. The technology comprises the following steps of weighing high-density polyethylene and carbon black in a quantified mode, and performing heating fusion and mixing; weighing di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, pentaerythritol ester, nanometer silicon dioxide, zinc stearate and p-tert-butylphenyl salicylatein a quantified mode, after heating fusion is performed, mixing the mixture with the high-density polyethylene and the carbon black together to be uniform to obtain a first mixture; weighing chlorinated polyethylene, talcum powder, stearic acid, ursol and N-phenyl-alpha-aniline in a quantified mode, and after heating fusion is performed, performing uniform mixing to obtain a second mixture; together extruding the first mixture and the second mixture, and then feeding an extruded cable into water to be cooled. A PTC macromolecular conducting material and an insulating layer can be synchronousextruded, and therefore the production efficiency can be improved, and the probability that the graphite content in the PTC macromolecular conducting material is oxidized can be lowered.