The invention relates to a soil analysis and investigation robot. The soil analysis and investigation robot comprises a main control unit, a trolley body travelling unit, an obstacle detection module,a soil drilling unit, a GPS module and a wireless transceiver module, wherein the trolley body travelling unit, the obstacle detection module, the soil drilling unit, the GPS module and the wirelesstransceiver module are separately connected with the control unit; the wireless transceiver module is in communication with a remote terminal through a wireless network; the trolley body travelling unit comprises a trolley body control motherboard, an motor driven module, a wheel crawler module, an accelerator control module and a brake module, the trolley body control motherboard is separately connected with the main control unit, the accelerator control module, the motor driven module and the brake module, and the wheel crawler module is connected with the motor driven module; the soil drilling unit comprises a soil sample sampling device, a soil detection module and an information acquisition module which are connected sequentially, and the information acquisition module and the soil sample sampling device are separately connected with the main control unit.