The invention provides an incompletely-anonymous block chain transaction system and method. The identity of a user is effectively supervised by an authority side and a user account is managed, so thata transaction mode which is transparent to the authority side and is anonymous to a common user is realized, and the authority part executes one or more management operations related to the user account and/or the block chain transaction, and the authority side issues to-be-stored information related to the management operation and a designated block number to an accounting clerk; and the accounting clerk records the received information from the authority side into a designated block of a block chain according to the designated block number. According to the system and the method, the upperchain sequence of messages of the authority side is guaranteed and the messages of the authority side can be timely packed into the block chain, so that the management authority of the authority sidecan be effectively implemented.