A method for preparing bismuth sulfide-modified gold nanoparticles/a sodium dioxide nanotube structure and an application thereof, the method comprising: selecting a substrate, and pre-processing the substrate; preparing a TiO2 nanotube array on the substrate by means of two-step anodic oxidation; obtaining gold particles by means of reduction; preparing a bismuth sulfide and gold particle compound solution; placing the TiO2 nanotube array into the bismuth sulfide and gold particle compound solution, and preparing bismuth sulfide-modified gold nanoparticles/a sodium dioxide nanotube structure by means of an oven method. The bismuth sulfide-modified gold nanoparticles/sodium dioxide nanotube structure prepared by the foregoing method may be applied to organic pollutant degradation catalysts, compound materials and non-enzymatic glucose sensors.