The invention provides a cooling device of enameled wires. The cooling device comprises a pre-cooling box and a water cooling box. A charging opening and a discharging opening are arranged in the endpart of the pre-cooling device. A cooling fan is arranged in the pre-cooling box. A wire inlet and a wire outlet are arranged in the side wall of the water cooling box. A first roller and a second roller are arranged on one side, near to the wire inlet and the wire outlet, in the water cooling box. Mutually-parallel rolling shafts are arranged in the water cooling box. A support is arranged in thewater cooling box. A rotation shaft is arranged on the support. A flexible cleaning layer is arranged on the rotation shaft. A motor driving device for driving the rotation shaft to rotate is arranged on the outer side of the water cooling box.