The invention discloses a fast annular foundation bolt positioning method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adopting a bolt positioning plate paved on a bar-mat reinforcement surface to position to-be-positioned annular foundation bolts, wherein a plurality of bolt positioning holes capable of positioning the foundation bolts and integrally distributed in one arc line are formed in the bolt positioning plate, and the circle center corresponding to the arc line coincides with the circle center of the annular foundation bolts; positioning the foundation bolts corresponding to the bolt positioning plate; and rotating the bolt positioning plate by one angle by taking the circle center corresponding to the arc line as the rotating center, and positioning the foundation bolts corresponding to the bolt positioning plate until the positioned foundation bolts form a circular ring to finish positioning of the annular foundation bolts. The fast annular foundation bolt positioning method has the advantages of being convenient to operate, precise to position and high in positioning quality.