The invention provides a virtual-component-based method for drawing a wiring diagram in a transformer substation. The method comprises: component data needing to be drawn are obtained; topological data of the component are maintained; data related to a transformer substation are inquired; transformer substation information, bus information and main transformer Information are drawn; a transformerswitch and a connecting line between the transformer and the bus are drawn; a transmission line, a distribution line, a connected substation, and a line switch are drawn; and when the data deficient amount is large, some components are virtualized based on the existing data for supplement. Therefore, the error correction rate of data of the transformer substation is increased; the visual and beautiful effects are realized; and the grid employee is capable of determining the importance of each substation rapidly and conveniently.