The invention provides an automatic inspection system and method for a mobile machine room. The system and the method have the advantages that the number of machine room inspection workers is reduced, and work efficiency is improved. The inspection method comprises the following steps: an input module is used for inputting identification of to-be-inspected equipment and corresponding to-be-inspected parameters; a task generation module is used for generating an inspection route according to the identification of the to-be-inspected equipment, and each to-be-inspected equipment corresponds to an inspection task; detection equipment is used for collecting data of the to-be-inspected equipment; an inspection control module is use for determining the current inspection task according to the current position, determining the required to-be-inspected equipment according to the to-be-inspected parameters in the inspection task, and controlling the required to-be-inspected equipment to work when reaching the position in the current inspection task; an image acquisition module is used for shooting images of the to-be-inspected equipment; a data judging module judges whether the equipment is normal or not according to the acquired data and outputs judgement results, and is also used for comparing the shot images with a standard image, judging whether the equipment is normal or not, and outputting judgment results.