An optical fingerprint recognition device and a display device. The optical fingerprint recognition device comprises: a light source (11), a light guide plate (12), a first volume grating (13), a second volume grating (14) and a photodetector (15), the light guide plate comprising two light guide faces (121) provided parallel to each other; the first volume grating (13) and the second volume grating (14) are located at one of the light guide faces (121) of the light guide plate (12) respectively; the light source (11) is located at a side of the light guide plate (12) facing away from the first volume grating (13); the photodetector (15) is located at a side of the light guide plate (12) facing away from the second volume grating (14); the first volume grating (13) is used for guiding the light emitted from the light source (11) into the light guide plate (12); the light guide plate (12) is used for performing total reflection on the light guided in; the second volume grating (14) is used for guiding out the light transmitted in the light guide plate (12); the photodetector (15) is used for detecting the light intensity distribution of the light guided out by the second body grating (14).