A self-adaptive chip (100) and configuration method, comprising: plural dynamically reconfigurable units (110), provided in an array shape. Each dynamically reconfigurable unit (110) can according to a required dynamic reconfiguration execute different operation functions and/or input-output control functions. Each dynamically reconfigurable unit (110) is connected to plural neighboring dynamically reconfigurable units (110), acquires data from one or more of the plural neighboring dynamically reconfigurable units (110), and outputs an operation result based on the data to at least one neighboring dynamically reconfigurable unit (110). The invention can reduce costs.