The invention discloses a PMSM rotary transformer zero position initial angle calibration method and calibration system. The PMSM rotary transformer zero position initial angle calibration method comprises steps of connecting an PMSM, on which a rotary transformer is installed, to a driving motor, enabling a motor stator of the PMSM to perform three-phase short circuit, using the driving motor to drive the PMSM to rotate forward and maintain at a preset rotation speed, using an electronic control unit to perform sampling on three phase current Ia, Ib and I c and a rotary transformer reading phi read at a same moment, using the rotary transformer reading phi read to perform Park conversion on three phase current Ia, Ib and Ic to obtain current vectors Is,p, calculating a vector angle theta p corresponding the current vector Is,p, using the driving motor to drive the PMSM to rotate backwards and maintaining the rotation at a preset rotation speed, using the electronic control unit to record a vector angle theta n corresponding to a current vector Is,n when the motor is rotated backwards, and calculating that a practical electric rotation angle theta 0 corresponding to the rotary transformer reading zero point angle is a zero position initial angle according to a formula theta 0=(thetap+thetan)/2-180 degree.