The invention provides a method for quickly and chirally identifying a tartrate enantiomer by developing and utilizing an ultraviolet spectrum and relates to a preparation method and application fields of a thiourea detection reagent. The method comprises the following steps: firstly carrying out reaction on S-phenylethylamine and 4-nitrobenzene isothiocyanate solution, and carrying out filtration, separation and purification, so that the thiourea detection reagent is obtained; and quickly and selectively identifying a chiral tartrate enantiomer by virtue of developing or ultraviolet absorption difference under the effect of the thiourea detection reagent with different tartrate enantiomers at room temperature in dilute solution. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, quick detection and the like and has a broad application prospect.