The invention discloses an early-disassembling mechanism and a formwork supporting system. The early-disassembling mechanism comprises a screw rod, a rectangular top plate, a rectangular early-disassembling tray and an early-disassembling nut. A locating edge used for main beam location is formed on the early-disassembling tray, and the screw rod is sleeved with the early-disassembling tray in a hollow mode; the early-disassembling tray is located below a top plate and is supported on the early-disassembling nut; a guiding mechanism used for lifting a tray is formed between the early-disassembling tray and the screw rod, a locating plate is arranged between the top plate and the early-disassembling tray, and a main beam locating structure is arranged on the locating plate; the guiding structure is composed of a guiding rib and a guiding groove, wherein the guiding rib and the guiding groove are matched mutually; and the guiding rib extends downward from the locating plate, the guiding groove is formed in the pipe wall of the upper end of a guiding pipe, and the guiding groove is of a U-shaped groove structure with an upward opening. The formwork supporting system comprises the early-disassembling mechanism. The early-disassembling mechanism and the formwork supporting system have the beneficial effects that the early-disassembling mechanism is simple in structure, convenient to process and operate, and good in supporting intensity; the supporting system is good in stability without disassembling potential safety hazards, low in erecting difficulty, high in erecting efficiency, and low in construction cost.