The invention provides an adaptive clustering routing method and device, and electronic device. The method includes clustering all nodes in the communication range of a base station to obtain a cluster area in the communication range of the base station, acquiring the remaining energy of the first node in the cluster area at the beginning of the current round, estimating the first energy consumption of the first node as a cluster head node and the second energy consumption as a member node, calculating the cluster head threshold of the first node based on the first energy consumption, the second energy consumption, and the remaining energy at the beginning of the current round, obtaining a random number generated by the first node, and determining whether the random number generated by the first node is smaller than the cluster head threshold, and when the random number generated by the first node is smaller than the cluster head threshold, selecting the first node as the cluster head node in the current round. According to the invention, the node with the optimal remaining energy is selected as the cluster head node, the energy consumption among the nodes is balanced, the stability of the whole network is guaranteed, and the life of the whole network is prolonged.