The invention provides a rubber composition for a tire tread. A method comprises: modifying nano white carbon black by adopting aliphatic diisocyanate, then adding acrylamide to perform end-capping reaction, pre-emulsifying a conjugated diene monomer to perform in-situ polymerization with unsaturated bonds in acrylamide, forming a high-dispersion structure type barrier layer with high bonding strength on the surfaces of nano white carbon black particles, separating the nano white carbon black particles under the action of high temperature or high shearing, and then mixing and coagulating with butadiene styrene rubber latex under the action of grafted butadiene styrene rubber latex to prepare the high-performance rubber composition for the tire tread. The invention not only effectively solves the problem that re-agglomeration of nano white carbon black occurs easily during processing, but also solves the problem of poor bonding and uneven dispersion of nano white carbon black and a rubber matrix, and endows the composition with high abrasion resistance, low friction, and anti-slippery performance. The invention further provides a preparation method of the composition.