The invention discloses a crop rotation cultivation method of eggplants harvested in winter and spring and rice. The method comprises the steps of selection of rootstocks and scions, matrix preparation, sowing and seedling raising, processing of eggplant planting field blocks and field planting, plant management, harvest in winter, broken branch regeneration, regenerated plant management, harvest in spring, rice planting and the like. According to the method, sowing and seedling raising are conducted in early of middle of July, and field planting is conducted during mid-to-late September and early October, not only is the seedling age short, but also the influence on eggplant growth by low temperature in winter can be effectively avoided. Furthermore, by adopting the method, double-season harvest in winter and spring is achieved, the total yield of two seasons can reach 9000-11500 jin/mu, the total benefits reach 9000-12500 yuan/mu, and the yield and the benefits increase by 22-28%.