The invention provides a method for smooth blasting excavation of a large-diameter surge shaft and a long-footage pilot well in a soft-rock and extremely-soft-rock area. The method comprises the steps of (A) excavation of the long-footage pilot well and (B) excavation of the surge shaft. (A) comprises the steps that I, blast holes of the pilot well are distributed; II, detonation is conducted on the pilot well; III, deslagging is conducted on the pilot well; and IV, a small step that horizontal blast holes are distributed is conducted. (B) comprises the steps that V, blast holes of a surge shaft are distributed; VI, surge hole detonation is conducted; and VII, a small step of surge shaft deslagging is conducted. Through a mode that the pilot well and the blast hole positions of the surge shaft are arranged, the detonating order is set, the hole depth, the hole diameter and the blasting strength of each blast hole is designed, the problems of peeling off, cracking and chip off-falling of a surrounding rock and a concrete lining caused by previous repeated blasting and excavation are solved, the smooth blasting effect is achieved, one-time excavation forming is achieved, and deslagging from top to bottom is achieved; and the construction mode is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the tunneling schedule is effectively guaranteed, the construction period is shortened, and further the safety of the personnel and equipment are guaranteed.