The invention discloses a powder metallurgical sintering mechanism with a rapid cooling function. The mechanism comprises a base. The base is horizontally connected with a supporting seat through supports. A cylindrical sintering furnace is transversely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting seat. A hot melting layer is arranged on the outer side surface of the sintering furnace. An oil inlet tube is arranged at one end of the top of the hot melting layer. An oil outlet tube is arranged at one end of the bottom of the hot melting layer. A cooling tank is arranged on the right side surface of the sintering furnace. Sliding rails are arranged in the positions, with the heights corresponding to those of guide rails, of the two side surfaces in the cooling tank correspondingly. A movable plate is arranged between the two sliding rails. A cooling box is arranged in the position, above the movable plate, in the cooling tank and internally provided with a cooling core. A plurality of water cooling tubes are arranged in the cooling core. A left connecting cover and a right connecting cover are arranged on the left side and the right side of the cooling core correspondingly. An air inlet is formed in the left connecting cover. An air outlet is formed in the right connecting cover. The air inlet is connected with an air inlet tube, and the air outlet is connected with an air outlet tube. Both the air inlet tube and the air outlet tube extend out of the lower portion of the cooling box.