The invention discloses an abrasion-resistant welding electrode used for surfacing welding and a preparation method of the abrasion-resistant welding electrode. The preparation process includes the following steps that the raw materials, by weight, 0.3-2.5 parts of carbon, 3-9 parts of manganese, 6-8 parts of silicon, 1.6-3.9 parts of chromium, 0.3-0.9 part of sulfur, 5-10 parts of phosphorus, 7-14 parts of nickel and 2-6 parts of boron are weighed, the raw materials are added into a reaction kettle after being weighed to be stirred for 10-30 min, and mixed materials are obtained; an organic solvent is added into the obtained mixed materials, stirring is performed at the rotating speed of 100-150 rpm, and an electrode coating alloy agent is obtained; the obtained electrode coating alloy agent is evenly extruded around a welding wire through an extruding machine so that the welding electrode can be obtained; and the made welding electrode is subjected to air-drying for 1-6 h under the ventilation condition of 20-30 DEG C, the welding electrode subjected to air-drying is placed into a refrigerating box to be subjected to low temperature drying treatment, the low temperature drying time is 30-90 min, the welding electrode subjected to low temperature drying is subjected to high temperature drying treatment, the drying temperature of high temperature drying is 250-350 DEG C, and the high temperature drying time is 50-60 min. According to the abrasion-resistant welding electrode used for surfacing welding, combustion-supporting matter of sulfur and phosphorus are added into the selected raw materials, the performance that the welding electrode can be easily ignited is improved, the sulfur content is controlled to be low, and it is avoided that pollutants are generated.