The invention relates to a near-shore wave energy generating system and method based on hydraulic ram pumps. The near-shore wave energy generating system based on the hydraulic ram pumps comprises an energy gathering reservoir which collects wave energy. A plurality of water level difference water controlling devices are arranged in the energy gathering reservoir, and each water level difference water controlling device is connected with a power water pipe of the corresponding hydraulic ram pump; a lifting pipe of each hydraulic ram pump is connected with a high level pool, and an outlet pipe of the high level pool is connected with a turbine; the turbine is connected with an electric generator through a connecting shaft, and a water discharging valve of each hydraulic ram pump is lower than the height of a low tide water level. By adopting a combining method of the energy gathering reservoir and the hydraulic ram pumps, stable power generating is realized by generated stable high level water energy, and the problems of high equipment technology requirements and low efficiency of direct developing and utilizing of unstable energy flow of the existing wave energy generating technology are solved. Energy conversion efficiency of the overall wave energy generating system is improved due to the fact that the energy conversion efficiency of the hydraulic ramp pumps is high. The near-shore wave energy electrical power generating system based on the hydraulic ramp pumps is simple in structure, fewer in moving part, safe and reliable, low in failure rate, and low in constructing and using cost due to the simple structure.