The invention discloses an active distribution network maximum consumption ability checking method. The method comprises the following steps: the new energy acceptance capacity calculation moment is determined, and research data are prepared; based on capacity constraints, the new energy acceptance capacity under 110 KV and below, the new energy acceptance capacity under 220 KV and below and the new energy acceptance capacity under 220 KV are calculated respectively, wherein the new energy acceptance capacity under 220 KV is the difference between the above two; and power flow calculation is adopted to verify a theoretical calculation result, if the power flow calculation index exceeds a limit, the new energy access amount is reduced properly, and calculation is carried out again until checking is met. On the basis of analyzing main factors influencing the new energy acceptance capacity, the key factor-a power grid device capacity influencing the new energy acceptance capacity is found out, the new energy acceptance capacity theoretical calculation method and steps based on capacity constraint conditions are researched, and a theoretical support is provided for analyzing the new energy acceptance capacity in each area.