The invention discloses a synthesis method of a disk liquid crystal material of a benzophenanthrene decyl alkyl-bridged ethylene tetraformate binary compound. The synthesis route is divided into the following three parts: the first part, firstly synthesizing ethylene tetraformate and then synthesizing perylene monohydrate diformate; the second part, firstly synthesizing monohydroxy-5-hexyloxy benzophenanthrene and then synthesizing alkoxy benzophenanthrene with an omega-bromine branch chain; and a third part, synthesizing the benzophenanthrene decyl alkyl-bridged ethylene tetrformate binary compound by using an intermediate obtained through the two parts. A benzophenanthrene derivative has good optical property and heat stability, the raw materials for synthesizing the compound are available, and a product is easy to purify; and a perylene derivative is easily subjected to structure modification due to a large conjugated system, and has excellent photoelectric property. The benzophenanthrene derivative is connected with the perylene derivative through a flexible bridge chain to form the disk liquid crystal material of the benzophenanthrene decyl alkyl-bridged ethylene tetrformate binary compound. The material can be applied to photoelectric devices, such as an organic photovoltaic material and a liquid crystal material.