The invention discloses a real-time monitoring system and method for female livestock foaling. The system comprises an alarm control unit and a cunnus opening sensing device which are arranged on the two sides of the cunnus of female livestock respectively, wherein the alarm control unit comprises a microcontroller and further comprises a telephone alarm module, a radio frequency module and a magnetic control switch which are connected with the microcontroller, the radio frequency module is in wireless communication with a mobile terminal through a network, and the cunnus opening sensing device comprises a magnetic sensor which is matched with the magnetic control switch and located on the other side, relative to the alarm control unit, of the cunnus of the female livestock. By using the magnetic control sensing device, the public wireless network and the handheld mobile terminal, a midwife can know position information of the expectant female livestock in time, the health of the female livestock is guaranteed, the survival rate of young animals is increased, and then considerable economic benefits are increased.