The invention relates to a transmission line fault locating method based on big data. The method comprises the following steps that 1) the fault and lightning stroke historical correlation data in a region in which the transmission line is positioned are acquired, and the weighing parameter nu of the corresponding lightning caused fault of the region is obtained through statistics; 2) if the judgment result indicates that the lightning is related to the current fault in time and space in case of lightning, the step 3) is performed; and step 3) the real fault location is calculated according to the weighing parameter nu through combination of the fault location acquired by a traveling wave recorder. Compared with the methods in the prior art, the transmission line fault locating method based on the big data has the advantages of being cross-field and high in locating accuracy.