The invention relates to a multi-wavelength selective laser ocular fundus therapeutic instrument, comprising a machine body. The machine body is provided therein with the following elements arranged in succession: a pump source, a full-reflecting lens, a neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate crystal, a Q switch, an intermediate lens, a BBO crystal, an output lens, a coupling lens and a fiber. The full lens and the output lens form an oscillation cavity for base frequency light and all-order Stokes light to realize the simultaneous oscillation of the first-order stokes light and the second-order stokes light in the oscillation cavity. The axial centerlines of the pump source, the full lens, the neodymium-doped yttrium vanadate crystal, the Q switch, the intermediate lens, the BBO crystal, the output lens, and the coupling lens are placed in a superposed manner. The BBO crystal is arranged on the horizontal rotation adjusting platform. According to the invention, the structure of the instrument is reasonably designed. With fewer components, the instrument can still achieve stable performances.