The invention relates to a method for preparing acrylic low carbon alcohol ester from coal pyrolysis gas. The method comprises the steps: cooling the high-temperature coal pyrolysis gas via a gas-oil separation and heat exchange device, removing a dust solid from the coal pyrolysis gas after gas-oil separation, removing sulfur and oxygen impurities from dry tail gas, further purifying the desulfurated and deoxidized coal pyrolysis gas, removing hydrogen and methane gas from the coal pyrolysis gas to form purified CO gas, removing moisture from the tail gas after dedusting, boosting the pressure of the dry purified CO gas to reaction pressure, and taking the pressed CO gas as a carbonylation raw material to react with acetylene and low carbon alcohol in a reactor via a catalyst to generate acrylic low carbon alcohol ester. With the adoption of the method, much carbon monoxide gas in the coal pyrolysis gas is utilized to form an acrylic low carbon alcohol ester product. In addition, the high-temperature coal pyrolysis gas directly exchanges heat with the reactor; while the temperature of the coal pyrolysis gas is reduced, the reactor is heated; the heat is effectively utilized; and the cost is saved.