The invention discloses a security upgrading method for a Bluetooth 3.0 mouse based on an HID protocol and belongs to the field of computer peripherals. The method mainly comprises the steps that the Bluetooth mouse is wirelessly connected with a host end; an MCU in the Bluetooth mouse calls a host end upgrading operation instruction; the MCU reads a needed firmware file from the host end and transmits the firmware file in the air through OTA; and updated firmware information is written into a firmware memory of the Bluetooth mouse. According to the method, a spare area of a second start area is added into the firmware memory of the Bluetooth mouse, the firmware information is directly written into the spare area during upgrading, and the spare area is changed into the second start area if upgrading succeeds; the operation method is secure and effective, and the mouse cannot lose functions thoroughly even if upgrading fails. Through the method, mouse bugs, problems generated in a mouse production test and the problem of incompatibility with host end firmware in the using process can be solved, and the method has a certain practical value.