The invention belongs to the field of catalysts and particularly relates to a catalyst for treating esterification wastewater. The catalyst is prepared from, by weight, 200-300 parts of fluorite, 50-60 parts of sodium hydroxide, 10-20 parts of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, 30-35 parts of praseodymium chloride, 5-15 parts of o-phenylphenol, 15-20 parts of lanthanum chloride, 10-15 parts of ethyl alcohol and 1-5 parts of cross-linking agent. The catalyst can effectively treat the esterification wastewater, and the esterification wastewater reaches the emission standard.