The invention discloses a framing-adaptive-sparse-decomposition-based partial discharge signal interference suppression method. The method comprises: constructing a prior sample set of partial discharge signals, constructing an adaptive partial discharge noise suppression over-complete atomic base, and performing noise suppression on noise-included partial discharge signals. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the partial discharge prior sample signal set is constructed and then the adaptive partial discharge noise suppression over-complete atomic base is built, so that partial discharge signal interference suppression is realized based on sparse decomposition; and adaptive rapid interference suppression of partial discharge signals is realized without the need to set too many prior parameters.